Productive indices of young minks fed by experimental complete feed

DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2021-3-25-27

Kulikov V.N., Kvartnikova E.G.

Annotation. At present, almost all branches of animal husbandry use a dry type of feeding with complete feed. Only caged fur-bearing animals are fed with wet mash, the basis of which is the raw waste of the meat and fish processing industry. Raw feeding has several disadvantages. Therefore, the search for the possibility of transferring caged animals to a dry type of feeding is an urgent problem. In a classic scientific and economic experiment carried out in a fur farm in the Moscow region on young sapphire minks, using modern research methods, it was shown that the growth rate of animals when fed with an experimental complete feed mixture is lower than when fed with a traditional feed mixture (control group). But the scores for the quality of the skins of the females of the experimental and control groups did not differ. There were no was no statistical significance in the area of mink pelts skins in the experimental and control groups. The score for the quality of male pelts was higher in the control group by 14.85%, but in this group there were 2.41% fewer defect-free skins. The analysis of the dynamics of the live weight of animals and the accounting of their feed consumption made it possible to establish that about 30% of males and 67% of females in the experimental group reacted positively to the experimental complete feed: their live weight reached the end of the experiment, and in females it was even higher than the lower value of the control animals. Transfer of commercial young stock of minks to dry type of feeding in the conditions of a typical animal husbandry is possible even with the existing technology. To increase the size of the skin of males with a dry type of feeding, it is necessary to optimize the composition of the diet in terms of the ratio of nutrients.

Keywords: fur-bearing animals, young minks, experimental complete feed, feed mixture, diet, nutritional value, sanitary and chemical quality of feed, live weight, size pelt, quality pelt.

References:

1. Berestov V.A. Biokhimiya i morfologiya krovi pushnykh zverey [Biochemistry and morphology of the blood of fur animals]. - Petrozavodsk, 1971. - 291 p.

2. Kvartnikova E.G., Kulikov V.N., Kulikov N.E., Bardachenko R.V. Glutaminovaya kislota v ratsione molodnyaka norok [Glutamic acid in the diet of young mink]. - Compound feeds. - Moscow, 2012 (1). - pp. 115-116.

3. Petukhova E.A., Bessarabova R.F., Khaleneva L.D., Antonova O.A. Zootekhnicheskiy analiz kormov [Zootechnical analysis of feed]. - Agropromizdat, 1989. - 239 p.

4. Kvartnikova E.G. Rekomendatsii po sanitarno-khimicheskomu issledovaniyu kachestvakormovv zverovodstveiratsionalnomuikhispolzovaniyu [Recommendations for the sanitary-chemical study of the quality of feed in fur farming and their rational use]. - Rodniki, 1994. - 42 p.

5. Kolotygina I.A. Effektivnost ispolzovaniya v kormlenii pushnykh zverey sukhikh polnoratsionnykh kombikormov [Efficiency of using dry full-feed compound feeds in feeding]. - Youth and Science. - Yekaterinburg, 2016 (1). - pp. 64.

6. Kolotygina I.A., Kashkovskaya V.P. Sukhie polnoratsionnye kombikorma v kormlenii pushnykh zverey [Dry complete feed for feeding fur animals]. - Ural State Agrarian University. - Yekaterinburg, 2020. - pp. 74-76.

7. Kulikov V.N., Kvartnikova E.G., Kulikov N.E. Polnoratsionnyy kombikorm i ego ispolzovanie v kormlenii molodnyaka norok [Complete feed and its use in young minks' feeding]. - Voronezh, 2018. - pp. 108-112.

8. Kulikov V.N., Kulikov N.E., Kvartnikova E.G., Trukhin I.Yu. Effektivnost primeneniya kombikormov-kontsentratov v kormlenii norok [Efficiency of the use of feed concentrates in minks' feeding]. - Kiev, 2016. - pp. 157-162.

9. Milovanov L.V. Polnoratsionnye kombikorma na fermakh Kanady i SShA [Complete feeds on the farms of Canada and the USA]. - Rabbit breeding and fur farming. - Rodniki, 1974 (2). - pp. 29-32.

10. Balakirev N.A., Kladovshchikov V.F. Normy kormleniya i normativy zatrat kormov dlya pushnykh zverey i krolikov [Norms of feeding and norms of consumption of fodder for fur-bearing animals and rabbits]. - Moscow, 2007. - 185 p.

11. Parkalov I.V. Pushnyye zveri v srede estestvennogo obitaniya i perspektiva kletochnogo zverovodstva v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Fur animals in their natural habitat and the prospects for cellular fur farming in modern conditions]. - Saint-Petersburg, 2006. - 238 p.

12. Parkalov I.V. Sukhiye granulirovannye korma i perspektiva ikh ispolzovaniya v stanovlenii otechestvennogo zverovodstva [Dry granulated feed and prospects for their use in the development of domestic fur farming]. - Rabbit breeding and fur farming. - Rodniki, 2009 (6). - pp. 5-9.

13. Tabakov N.A. Biologicheskie otkhody pishchevoy i pererabatyvayushchey promyshlennosti kak vozmozhnost vozrozhdeniya pushnogo zverovodstva [Biological waste from the food and processing industry as an opportunity for the revival of fur farming]. - Krasnoyarsk, 2020. S. 134-140.

Author affiliation:

Kvartnikova Elizaveta G., D.Sc. in Agriculture, professor, chief scientific researcher of the department of animal breeding and rabbit breeding of the Scientific Research Institute of Fur-Bearing Animal Breeding and Rabbit Breeding named after V.A. Afanasyev»; 6, Trudovaya st., Rodniki sttl., Ramenskii district, Moscow region, 140143; phone: 8-495-7442642; e-mail: liza.kvartnikova@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Kulikov Vladimir N., Ph.D. in Agriculture, leading scientific researcher of the department of animal breeding and rabbit breeding of the Scientific Research Institute of FurBearing Animal Breeding and Rabbit Breeding named after V.A. Afanasyev; 6, Trudovaya st., Rodniki sttl.., Ramenskii district, Moscow region, 140143; phone: 8-495-7442642; e-mail: kl2017@qip.ru