Biologically safe and effective doses of the new drug Prazimed A and the influence on hematological parameters of the dogs’ organism in experimental modeling of echinococcosis

УДК 619:616.995.132.5:615.036.8
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-2-53-56

Kaloshkin I. V., Kabardiev S. Sh., Bittirov A. M., Kalabekov M. I., Didanova A. A., Bittirov I. A.

Summary. Authors determined the therapeutic dose and test the new drug Prazimed A for efficacy and biosafety in an experimental model of canine echinococcosis. With a single application of Prazimed A for echinococcosis in dogs at a dose of 10.0 mg/ kg of live weight, the extent- and intensity efficiency on day 5 was 100%, in the next 7 and 10 days of research, no taeniid-type eggs were found in the feces. In dogs of the control group, the infection of Echinococcus granulosus remained at the level of 100% when eggs were found in 1 g of feces in the range of 4.89±0.40-4.96±0.43, P<0.05 ind., which represents a sanitary and hygienic problem. Echinococcosis negatively affects the morphological composition of the blood of dogs. The content of erythrocytes was 3.97x1012/ - 4.10x1012/| in the blood of control dogs infected with echinococcosis. It indicates the development of permanent erythropenia. In dogs, after treatment of echinococcosis with Prazimed A at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of live weight, once on days 3, 5, 7, 10, the number of erythrocytes increased from 4.30±0.32x1012/| to 6.24±0.43x1012/| (increase by 31.2%). The content of leukocytes in the blood of control dogs infected with echinococcosis varied on average from 23.44±1.53x109/l to 26.14±1.59x1012/l, which indicates the constancy of leukocytosis. In the experiment after the treatment of echinococcosis with Prazimed A at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of live weight, once in dogs on days 3, 5, 7, 10, the number of leukocytes decreased from 20.76x109/l to 8.96x109/l. The drug Prazimed A at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of live weight, once on day 7 and 10 removes leukocytosis from the date of appointment. In the blood of control dogs infected with echinococcosis, the hemoglobin content was 92.8±7.0 g/l - 94.8±7.6 g/l, which indicates the development of hypogemaglobinemia. In dogs after treatment of echinococcosis with Prazimed A at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of live weight, once for 3, 5, 7, 10 days hemoglobin content increased from 97.2 g/l to 136.2 g/l. Prazimed A in this dose for 7 and 10 days from the date of appointment restores hemoglobinopoiesis to normal. The dynamics of eosinophils in normal and pathological conditions of the organism of animals and humans is a test that determines the depth of changes. The average content of eosinophils in the blood of control dogs infected with echinococcosis was 5 763±438 - 5 874±459 ind./ml, which indicates the development of persistent eosinophilia. In the experiment after treatment of echinococcosis with Prazimed A at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of live weight, once in dogs on days 3, 5, 7, 10, the number of eosinophils decreased from 5 529±421 ind./ml to 919±82 ind./ml (by 6.02 times). In dogs, Prazimed A at a dose of 10.0 mg/kg of live weight, once on day 7 and 10 removes eosinophilia from the date of appointment, which confirms the high effect and biosafety of the new drug.

Keywords: dog, echinococcosis, drug, Prazimed A, dose, morphology, blood, extensive efficiency, intensity efficiency.

References:

1. Atabieva Zh. A., Kolodiy I. V., Bittirov A. M. Prognozirovanie epizooticheskoy i epidemicheskoy situatsii po zoonoznym invaziyam na yuge Rossii [Forecasting the epizootic and epidemic situation on zoonotic invasions in the south of Russia]. -Veterinary pathology. - 2012. - No. 1 (39). - pp. 119-122.

2. Atabieva Zh. A., Bittirova A. A., Bittirov A. M. Ekologo-vidovoy sostav fauny endoparazitov i epidemiologicheskaya kharakteristika zoonozov [Ecological and species composition of the fauna of endoparasites and epidemiological characteristics of zoonoses]. - 2012: 94-98.

3. Begieva S. A., Bittirova A. A., Bittirov A. M. Sravnitelnaya effektivnost immunostimulyatsii ribavom i ribotanom pri eksperimentalnom tsistnom ekhinokokkoze krys linii Vistar [Comparative efficacy of immunostimulation with ribav and ribotan in experimental cystic echinococcosis in Vistar rats]. - 2018: 222-225.

4. Beznadzornaya sobaka kak istochnik epidemio- i epizootologicheski opasnykh zoonozov urbanizirovannykh territoriy Severnogo Kavkaza [Stray dog as a source of epidemic and epizootologic dangerous zoonoses in urban areas of the North Caucasus] / A. M. Bittirov, I. D. Gazaev, S. A. Begieva [et al.] // 2020: 104-108.

5. Bessonov A. S. Gelmintozoonozy: problemy i perspektivy borby [Helminthozoonoses: problems and prospects for control]. - Veterinariya. - Moscow, 2006 (4). - pp. 31-34.

6. Biokhimicheskiy sostav krovi sobak na fone vliyaniya intensivnoy invazii dirofilyarioza [Biochemical composition of the blood of dogs against the background of the influence of intensive invasion of dirofilariasis] / A. A. Bittirova, S. Sh. Kabardiev, I. A. Bittirov [et al.] // Teoriya i praktika borby s parazitarnymi boleznyami. - 2019. -No. 20. - pp. 132-135.

7. Bioekologiya opasnykh zoonozov parazitarnoy etiologii v yuzhnykh regionakh Rossii [Bioecology of dangerous zoonoses of parasitic etiology in the southern regions of Russia] / A. M. Bittirov, B. M. Shipshev, V. M. Kuznetsov [et al.] // Veterinariya. -Moscow, 2014. - No. 6. - pp. 33-35.

8. Bittirov A. M., Bittirova A. A. Morfologicheskaya otsenka ultrastrukturnykh izmeneniy v tkanyakh lineynykh myshey Ellisa posle vvedeniya Ivomeka F [Morphological assessment of ultrastructural changes in the tissues of Ellis strain mice after administration of Ivomec F]. - Agrarnaya Rossiya. - 2018 (1). - pp. 18-21.

9. Bittirov A. M., Chilaev A. S., Bittirova A. A. Morfologicheskie izmeneniya v organakh domashney sobaki pri lokalizatsii Dirofilaria immitis [Morphological changes in the organs of a domestic dog with the localization of Dirofilaria immitis]. - Agrarnaya Rossiya. - 2019 (2). - pp. 22-25.

10. Bittirov A. M., Khulamkhanova M. M., Mirzoeva N. M. Novye dannye o morfologicheskikh kharakteristikakh nematod Dirofilaria repens (Railliet et Henry, 1911) i Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) u sobak v ekosisteme Severnogo Kavkaza [New data on the morphological characteristics of the nematodes Dirofilaria repens (Railliet et Henry, 1911) and Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) in dogs in the ecosystem of the North Caucasus]. - 2019: 13-20.

11. Bittirov A. M., Kudaev A. S., Tamaev T. I. Problemy epizootologii i epidemiologii ekhinokokkozov zhivotnykh i cheloveka v nekotorykh regionakh yuzhnogo federalnogo okruga Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Problems of epizootology and epidemiology of animal and human echinococcosis in some regions of the southern federal district of the Russian Federation]. - 2003: 34.

12. Bittirov A. M., Eldarova L. Kh., Begieva S. A. Tsestody kavkazskogo volka (Canis lupus cubanensis) i ikh epizootologicheskiy analiz v izolirovannykh ushchel’yakh gornoy zony regiona Severnogo Kavkaza [Cestodes of the Caucasian wolf (Canis lupus cubanensis) and their epizootological analysis in isolated gorges of the mountainous zone of the North Caucasus region]. - 2017: 13-19

13. Vasilevich F. I., Bittirov A. M., Sottaev M. Kh. Sanitarnoe prosveshchenie naseleniya i sposoby obespecheniya gigienicheskoy bezopasnosti v otnoshenii zoonoznykh invaziy [Health education of the population and ways to ensure hygienic safety in relation to zoonotic invasions]. - 2010: 68 p.

14. Vidovoy sostav gelmintov volkov severokavkazskikh morf v raznykh prirodno-klimaticheskikh zonakh Kabardino-Balkarskoy Respubliki [Species composition of helminths of wolves of North Caucasian morphs in different natural and climatic zones of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic] / A. A. Tkhakakhova, A. A. Bittirova, V. K. Berezhko [et al.] // 2018: 476-478.

15. Vliyanie intensivnoy invazii sobak dirofilyariozom na morfologicheskuyu kartinu krovi [Influence of intensive invasion in dogs at dirofilariasis on the morphological picture of blood] / S. Sh. Kabardiev, A. A. Bittirova, I. A. Bittirov, S. A. Begieva, A. M. Bittirov // Teoriya i praktika borby s parazitarnymi boleznyami. - 2019: 238-241.

16. Kabardiev S. Sh., Bittirov A. M. Tsestodotsidnaya effektivnost novogo antigelmintnogo sostava Prazimag BAM pri ekhinokokkoze sobak v usloviyakh Severnogo Kavkaza [Cestodocidal efficacy of the new anthelmintic composition Prazimag BAM in dogs with echinococcosis in the North Caucasus]. - 2021: 197-204.

17. Kabardiev S. Sh., Bittirov A. M., Karpushchenko K. A. Epizooticheskaya otsenka gelmintov ovcharok na pastbishchakh «Ush-tulu», «Zhalpak» i «Sukan» [Epizootic evaluation of helminths in sheepdogs on the Ush-tulu, Zhalpak and Sukan pastures]. -2015: 84.

18. Markin A. V. Voprosy profilaktiki vazhneyshikh gelmintozov v Rossii [Issues on the most important helminthiases’ prevention in Russia]. - 2005: 106-108.

19. Morfologicheskie i biokhimicheskie pokazateli krovi sobak pri dirofilyarioze [Morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of dogs at dirofilariasis] / A. A. Bittirova, S. Zh. Begiev, A. A. Gazaeva [et al.] // 2017: 28-30.

20. Osobennosti epizooticheskoy aktivnosti ekhinokokkoza sobak i ovets v razreze gornykh massivov Severnogo Kavkaza [Features of the epizootic activity of echinococcosis in dogs and sheep in the context of the mountains of the North Caucasus] / S. Sh. Kabardiev, A. M. Bittirov, M. G. Gazimagomedov [et al.] // 2015: 24-25.

21. Otsenka gematokrita i nekotorykh biokhimicheskikh pokazateley krovi pri ankilostomoze sobak [Evaluation of hematocrit and some biochemical blood parameters in dogs with ankylostomiasis] / A. A. Bittirova, O. A. Magomedov, S. Sh. Kabardiev [et al.]. - 2018: 384-386

22. Otsenka epizootologicheskoy i veroyatnoy epidemiologicheskoy opasnosti ekhinokokkoznoy invazii v yuzhnykh regionakh Rossii [Assessment of epizootological and probable epidemiological danger of echinococcosis invasion in the southern regions of Russia (on example of the Karachay-Circassian republic)] / M. R. Arkelova, Z. T. Gogushev, I. V. Kaloshkin [et al.] - Veterinaria Kubani. - Krasnodar, 2022. -No. 1. - pp. 34-36.

23. Parazitozy Kabardino-Balkarskoy Respubliki [Parasitoses of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic] / M. A. Shikhalieva, A. M. Bittirov, A. S. Chilaev [et al.] // 2010: 146-148.

24. Bittirov A. M., Kabardiev S. Sh., Karpushchenko K. A., Aliev A. Yu. Sposob gruppovoy profilaktiki i lecheniya trematodozov, tsestodozov i nematodozov krupnogo rogatogo skota [Method for group prevention and treatment of trematodosis, cestodosis and nematodosis in large horned cattle]. - Patent 2778233 C1. - 2022.

25. Struktura parazitotsenozov Severnogo Kavkaza [Parasitocenoses’ structure in the North Caucasus] / M. A. Shikhalieva, Zh. A. Atabieva, I. V. Kolodiy [et al.] // Veterinary pathology. - 2012. - No. 2 (40). - pp. 109-113.

26. Tormozhenie rosta larvotsist Echinococcus granulosus na fone vliyaniya novogo kompleksnogo sostava Prazinal F [Echinococcus granulosus larvocysts’ growth inhibition on the background of Prazinal F new complex composition influence] / Kh. Kh. Shakhbiev, I. Kh. Shakhbiev, S. A. Begieva [et al.] // 2019: 52-56.

27. Bittirova A. A., Kumysheva Yu. A., Mirzoeva A. A. et al. Tsestody semeystva Taeniidae (Ludwig, 1886) kak sanitarno-gigienicheskaya i epidemicheskaya ugroza biosfernym territoriyam Elbrusa [Cestodes of the Taeniidae fam. (Ludwig, 1886) as a sanitary-hygienic and epidemic threat to the biosphere territories of Elbrus]. - 2019: 82-89.

28. Shakhbiev Kh. Kh., Begieva S. A., Bittirov A. M. Effektivnost novogo tsestodotsidnogo sostava Prazinal F pri ekhinokokkoze sobak [Efficacy of the new cestodocidal composition Prazinal F in dogs with echinococcosis]. - 2019: 57-60.

29. Ekologo-epizootologicheskiy analiz biogelmintov obyknovennogo shakala (Canis aureus) v ekosisteme Kabardino-Balkarii [Ecological and epizootological analysis of biohelminths of the common jackal (Canis aureus) in the ecosystem of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria] / A. M. Bittirov, S. Sh. Kabardiev, L. Kh. Eldarova [et al.] // 2017: 65-70.

30. Eldarova L. Kh., Bittirov A. M., Begiev S. Zh. et al. Embriotropnye svoystva novogo sostava fenbendazola i albendazola (Panaverm plyus) [Embryotropic properties of the new composition of fenbendazole and albendazole (Panaverm plus)]. - 2015: 86-88.

31. Epizootologicheskaya tsirkulyatsiya ekhinokokkoza sobak i koz s otsenkoy fertilnosti Echinococcus granulosus v Karachaevo-Cherkesii [Epizootological circulation of echinococcosis in dogs and goats with an assessment of the fertility of Echinococcus granulosus in the Republic of Karachay-Cherkessia] / Z. T. Gogushev, M. R. Arkelova, K. Kh. Bolatchiev [et al.] // 2022: 22-29.

32. Effektivnost novoy kompleksnoy kompozitsii Drontalfen 10% pri ekhinokokkoze sobak [Efficacy of the new complex composition Drontalfen 10% in dogs with echinococcosis] / A. M. Bittirov, M. M. Khulamkhanova, N. M. Mirzoeva [et al.] // 2019. - Vol. 56. - No. 1. - pp. 127-130.

33. Effektivnost novykh kompozitsiy na osnove albendazola i fenbendazola pri kishechnykh nematodozakh ovets [Efficacy of new compositions based on albendazole and fenbendazole in intestinal nematodosis of sheep] / O. A. Magomedov, A. M. Bittirov, S. Sh. Kabardiev // 2015: 57-58.

34. Ekhinokokkoz myshinykh gryzunov - sinantropnyy epizooticheskiy i epidemicheskiy risk na biosfernykh territoriyakh Severnogo Kavkaza [Rodent echinococcosis - synanthropic epizootic and epidemic risk in the biosphere territories of the North Caucasus] / A. M. Bittirov, S. Sh. Kabardiev, K. Kh. Bolatchiev [et al.] // Sanitarnyy vrach. - 2022 (4). - pp. 252-260.

35. Vide supra.

Author affiliation:

Kaloshkin Igor V., post-graduate student of the Department of therapy and pharmacology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-2513000; e-mail: kaloshkinigor@mail.ru.

Kabardiev Sadrutdin Sh., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, chief scientific researcher of the Laboratory for the study of parasitic diseases of farm animals and birds of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal agricultural scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; e-mail: pznivi05@mail.ru.

Kalabekov Mutalif I., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, professor of the Department of Zootechnics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Kabardino-Balkaria State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov; 1, Lenina st., Nalchik, Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, 360030.

Didanova Asiyat A., Ph.D. in Biology, docent, docent of the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Kabardino-Balkaria State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov; 1, Lenina st., Nalchik, Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, 360030.

Bittirov Ismail A., post-graduate student of the Kabardino-Balkaria State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov; 1, Lenina st., Nalchik, Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria, 360030; phone: 8-903-6905788; e-mail: bia_1999@mail.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Bittirov Anatoly M., D.Sc. in Biology, professor, chief scientific researcher of the Laboratory for the study of parasitic diseases of farm animals and birds of the Caspian Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal agricultural scientific center of the Republic of Dagestan; 88, Dakhadaeva st., Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, 367000; phone: 8-928-7175574; e-mail: bam_58a@mail.ru.