On issue of diagnosis on bovine leukemia

УДК 619:616-006:98:578.828.11
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2023-2-9-11

Shevchenko A.A., Krivonos R.A., Yakovenko P.P., Dmitriv N.I., Chernykh O.Yu., Shevchenko L.V.

Summary. The disease of cattle with leukemia is registered in the Russian Federation and various foreign countries. For laboratory diagnosis of this viral infection in cattle, serological methods are more often used, namely, the diffusion precipitation reaction, otherwise called the agar gel immunodiffusion reaction, the polymerase chain reaction and the competitive enzyme immunoassay method. The article presents the results of the use of polymerase chain reaction in the laboratory diagnosis of bovine leukemia in comparison with the reaction of diffusion precipitation and the method of enzyme immunoassay. The comparative effectiveness of laboratory tests in the diagnosis of bovine leukemia was carried out on the basis of the Kropotkin regional veterinary laboratory. During the serological examination, 100 stabilized blood and blood sera were preliminarily taken from calves older than 12 months, as well as 128 blood samples from calves older than 20 days of age from cattle farms that are unfavorable for leukemia. When comparing the effectiveness of the use of laboratory diagnostic methods, it was found that the polymerase chain reaction is more sensitive to the detection of bovine leukemia virus in comparison with RID and ELISA. With the help of PCR, the presence of bovine leukemia provirus can be detected from an early age. It has been established that the low sensitivity of ELISA does not allow the detection of all animals infected with the bovine leukemia virus on the farm. Of particular importance will be the use of PCR diagnostics in the mass testing of breeding males, which are often carriers of the provirus.

Keywords: large horned cattle, bovine leukemia, leukemia virus, provirus, outbreaks, infection, laboratory diagnostics, method sensitivity, polymerase chain reaction, diffusion precipitation reaction, enzyme immunoassay.

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Author affiliation:

Shevchenko Aleksandr A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, head of the department of microbiology, epizootology and virology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044.

Krivonos Roman A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of parasitology, veterinary-sanitary expertise and zoohygiene of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; e-mail: uv@krasnodar.ru.

Dmitriv Nikolay I., postgraduate student of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044.

Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, chief scientific researcher of the North Caucasus Zonal Research Veterinary Institute -branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 1, Institutskaya st., Rassvet vllg., Rostov region, 346735.

Shevchenko Lyudmila V., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, chief scientific researcher of the North Caucasus Zonal Research Veterinary Institute -branch of the Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center; 1, Institutskaya st., Rassvet vllg., Rostov region, 346735.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Yakovenko Pavel P., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of microbiology, epizootology and virology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-900-2360273; e-mail: pavel2912@mail.ru.