Clinical diagnostics’ aspects of foot-and-mouth disease in pigs

UDC 619:616.98:578.835.2:636.4:616-071

CLINICAL DIAGNOSTICS’ ASPECTS OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE IN PIGS

Mishchenko A.V.

Summary. Analysis of registrations of foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks indicates probable possibilities bringing the virus anywhere in the world. Russian regions bordering China, Mongolia, Azerbaijan and Georgia are at very high risk of introduction of foot-and-mouth disease, and the regions bordering with Kazakhstan - the average degree of introduction and spread of infection. These border regions logged the foot-and-mouth disease buffer zone. Despite mass immunization of the large and small horned cattle in 2013, outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease type A were registered in regions such as the Trans-Baikal region, Karachay-Cherkessian Republic, Krasnodar region, Kabardino-Balkar Republic and Amur area. Foot-andmouth disease was diagnosed at large horned livestock, sheep, goats and pigs. Analysis of data of epizootic survey of foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks of pigs reveals considerable difficulties of clinical diagnostics of the disease. Clinical signs and pathological changes in experimental foot-and-mouth disease of pigs differ from changes at spontaneous foot-and-mouth disease. During researches it was found that the majority of animal disease symptoms begins with the fever up to 41,5°C. Lameness caused by the formation of aphthas on the skin of interdigital slit and corolla is the most characteristic symptom. Aphthae on the patch were identified only in 5% of boars. Clinical signs of foot-and-mouth disease in boars appeared within 4-27 days, and in most animals they disappeared after 12 days.

Key words: swine, virus, foot-and-mouth disease, experimental and spontaneous infection, aphthae, erosions, vesicles, lameness, clinical signs, pathological changes, skin, corolla, interdigital slit, lameness.

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Author affiliation: Mishchenko Aleksey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior researcher of the laboratory of diagnostics of farm animals’ diseases of the Federal State Establishment "Federal Centre of Animal Health" (FSE "All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Health"); mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, Russia, 600901; phone: (4922) 26-17-65; e-mail: mishenko@arriah.ru – responsible for correspondence with the editorial board.