Mass swine diseases characterized by vesicular skin lesions

УДК 619:616.98:578
DOI 10.33861/2071-8020-2024-1-3-8

Krivonos R. A., Chernykh O. Yu., Lysenko A. A., Chernov A. N., Mishchenko A. V., Mishchenko V. A.

Summary. Transboundary diseases pose the greatest threat to all countries in the world. Of the cross-border infections, foot and mouth disease is extremely important; the possibility of introducing the disease exists constantly for all countries of the world. Foot and mouth disease in pigs, according to the OIE classification, belongs to the category of vesicular diseases, as well as porcine vesicular disease (enterovirus), vesicular stomatitis (rhabdovirus), and porcine vesicular exanthema (calicivirus). Analysis of data from epizootological investigations carried out in swine foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks indicates significant difficulties in the clinical diagnosis of the disease. A characteristic epizootological feature of these infectious diseases is that all types of agricultural and wild artiodactyl animals are susceptible to FMD, cattle, pigs and horses are susceptible to vesicular stomatitis, and only domestic and wild pigs are susceptible to VBD and VES. In porcine vesicular disease, only in some animals vesicular lesions are found in the oral cavity. According to the main clinical symptoms, vesicular exanthema of pigs does not differ from foot and mouth disease and vesicular disease of pigs. Senecavirus vesicular disease of pigs is characterized by lameness, anorexia, depression, elevated body temperature, vesicular lesions on the skin of the corolla, interclaw cleft, crumbs, snout, snout, and in some individuals, on the mucous membrane of the tongue. The clinical picture of Senecavirus vesicular infection of pigs is indistinguishable from classical vesicular infections, including foot and mouth disease. Idiopathic vesicular diseases of pigs occur in the form of sporadic outbreaks. Cases of registration of vesicular lesions caused by enterovirus, parvovirus, aflatoxin and T-2 toxin in pigs have been described. The research results indicate the importance of differential diagnosis for vesicular lesions in pigs. Diseases with similar clinical signs should be excluded, such as porcine vesicular disease, porcine vesicular exanthema, vesicular stomatitis and Senecavirus porcine vesicular disease.

Keywords: transboundary diseases, pigs, foot and mouth disease, vesicular diseases, clinical signs, skin lesions, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, prevention, control measures.

Author affiliation:

Krivonos Roman A., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, docent of the department of parasitology, veterinary-sanitary expertise and animal hygiene of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; e-mail: uv@krasnodar.ru.

Lysenko Aleksandr A., D. Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor of the department of therapy and pharmacology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-961-5075415; e-mail: vet.kubgau@mail.ru.

Chernov Albert N., D.Sc. in Biology, docent, deputy director for research of the Krasnodar Scientific Center for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine; 1, 1 Liniya st., Krasnodar, 350004; phone: 8-927-4036300; e-mail: rt-kazan@mail.ru.

Mishchenko Aleksey V., Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine, senior scientific researcher of the information analysis center of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, Russia, 600901; phone: 8-4922-261551; e-mail: a.mischenko@mcx.ru.

Mishchenko Vladimir A., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, professor, chief scientific researcher of the Laboratory of the prevention of diseases of pigs and horned cattle of the Federal Centre of Animal Health; mcrd. Yurjevets, Vladimir, Russia, 600901; phone: 8-4922-261551; e-mail: mishenko@arriah.ru.

Responsible for correspondence with the editorial board: Chernykh Oleg Yu., D.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine, docent, professor 17 of the Department of microbiology, epizootology and virology of the Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin; 13, Kalinina st., Krasnodar, 350044; phone: 8-918-4956659; e-mail: gukkvl50@kubanvet.ru.